— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位髖關節置換術後病人，下列哪項措施對預防靜脈血栓栓塞（VTE）最為優先？
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which intervention is the priority to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE)?
- AAdminister prophylactic anticoagulants給予預防性抗凝血劑
- BApply sequential compression devices (SCDs)應用連續性氣壓式壓迫裝置（SCDs）
- CEncourage early ambulation✓ 正解鼓勵早期下床活動
- DMaintain proper leg alignment with abduction pillow使用外展枕頭維持腿部正確對位
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
髖關節手術後，儘早下床活動是預防深層靜脈血栓（DVT）最有效且關鍵的方式，透過肌肉幫浦作用促進靜脈回流。雖然 SCDs 和抗凝血劑是標準輔助治療，但在護理執行層面上，鼓勵病人盡早且頻繁的活動能提供最大程度的預防效益。
After hip surgery, early ambulation is the most effective and critical means of preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) by using the muscle pump effect to promote venous return. While SCDs and anticoagulants are standard adjunctive therapies, at the nursing intervention level, encouraging the client to ambulate early and frequently provides the greatest preventive benefit.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美籍護理師具備較高醫囑開立自主權以推動早期活動，台灣臨床常需醫師口頭確認後方可下床。