— 降低風險 · EASY · SATA —
護理師照護有跌倒風險的病人,應在照護計劃中納入哪些策略?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of fall risks. Which strategies should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep the call light within reach✓ 正解將呼叫鈴置於伸手可及處
- BEncourage the client to use a cane✓ 正解鼓勵病人使用柺杖
- CKeep the floor free of clutter✓ 正解保持地面無雜物
- DApply physical restraints to keep the client in bed使用身體約束讓病人留在床上
- EPlace the client in a room far from the nurses' station將病人安置在遠離護理站的房間
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防跌倒是 NCLEX 考試中的核心安全議題。護理計劃應包含環境評估、輔助工具使用及病人教育。核心思路是「安全第一」,透過移除環境障礙與確保呼叫系統可用,能主動降低跌倒風險。身體約束(Restraints)在美國臨床屬於高度規範的權利限制,僅在窮盡其他方法無效且病人有立即傷害自己或他人風險時才考慮使用。
The statement indicating a need for further teaching is that sunscreen is only needed on clear, sunny days. Ultraviolet radiation penetrates clouds and can cause skin damage even when the sky is overcast, so daily sun protection is essential regardless of weather conditions.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院對於 Physical Restraints 的使用有非常嚴格的法律規範(JCAHO標準),必須有醫師開立醫囑且需定期評估,台灣臨床對於約束使用相對較為常見,但在 NCLEX 考試中必須嚴守「約束是最後手段」的原則。