— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · SATA —
下列哪些是「間接接觸」傳播的例子？（選所有適合的）
Which of these are examples of 'Indirect Contact' transmission? (Select all that apply.)
- ATouching a contaminated stethoscope✓ 正解觸碰受污染的聽診器
- BCoughing directly onto someone直接朝他人咳嗽
- CUsing a contaminated blood pressure cuff✓ 正解使用受污染的血壓計袖帶
- DSharing a toy in a pediatric ward✓ 正解在兒科病房共用玩具
- EBeing bitten by a mosquito被蚊子叮咬
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
傳播途徑分為直接與間接。間接接觸傳播（Indirect contact transmission）是指病原體經由「受污染的媒介物（Fomites）」傳播給宿主。聽診器、血壓計袖帶、玩具等物品若未經消毒，常成為攜帶病原體的媒介。直接接觸是指身體對身體，飛沫傳播是經由呼吸道液滴，媒介傳播（Vector）則是經由昆蟲傳遞。
Modes of transmission are divided into direct and indirect. Indirect contact transmission refers to pathogens being transmitted to a host via contaminated objects (fomites). Items such as stethoscopes, blood pressure cuffs, and toys, if not disinfected, often serve as vehicles for carrying pathogens. Direct contact refers to body-to-body transmission, droplet transmission occurs through respiratory droplets, and vector transmission occurs through insects.