下列哪些措施適合鼻胃管（NG）置放的病人？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions are appropriate for a client with a nasogastric (NG) tube? (Select all that apply.)
- AChecking the tube placement before each feeding✓ 正解每次餵食前檢查管路位置
- BElevating the head of the bed to at least 30-45 degrees✓ 正解將床頭抬高至少 30-45 度
- CFlushing the tube with water after medication administration✓ 正解給藥後以清水沖洗管路
- DLying the client flat for 30 minutes after feeding餵食後讓病人平躺 30 分鐘
- EAssessing the nares for skin breakdown✓ 正解評估鼻孔周圍皮膚是否有破損
鼻胃管照護的核心是預防誤吸（Aspiration）與確保管路暢通。每次灌食前須確認位置，灌食時頭部抬高至 30-45 度以防逆流，灌藥後沖洗管路預防阻塞，每日檢視鼻翼皮膚預防壓瘡。錯誤做法為 D，灌食後應保持抬高，不可平躺，以免導致反流。
The core of nasogastric tube care is to prevent aspiration and to maintain tube patency. Tube placement should be verified before each feeding, the head of bed should be elevated to 30-45 degrees during feeding to prevent reflux, the tube should be flushed after medication administration to prevent occlusion, and the nasal skin should be inspected daily to prevent pressure injury. Option D is incorrect: after feeding, the head of bed should remain elevated and the patient should not lie flat, in order to avoid reflux.
美台對 NG 照護的臨床規範一致，皆強調「抬高床頭」為預防吸入性肺炎最重要動作。