— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人預計進行靜脈腎盂攝影（IVP），下列哪項護理準備最為關鍵？
A client is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Which nursing action is most critical in preparing this client?
- AAssess the client's current creatinine level評估病人的當前肌酸酐值
- BAdminister a laxative the evening before於前一晚給予瀉劑
- CAsk the client about allergies to iodine or shellfish✓ 正解詢問病人是否對碘或貝類過敏
- DEnsure the client is NPO for 8 hours確保病人禁食 8 小時
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
IVP 使用含碘顯影劑，最嚴重的風險為過敏性休克。因此，確認病人是否對碘或海鮮過敏是病人安全的第一優先。雖然肌酸酐與 NPO 也重要，但過敏史直接關係到生命危險（嚴重 anaphylaxis），必須在檢查前完成評估。
IVP uses iodinated contrast media, and the most serious risk is anaphylactic shock. Therefore, confirming whether the client has an iodine or shellfish allergy is the top priority for client safety. Although creatinine and NPO status are also important, allergy history relates directly to life-threatening anaphylaxis and must be assessed before the procedure.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地均高度重視檢查前的過敏史評估，皆需簽署知情同意書。