— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位術前禁食的病人。哪項措施對於降低吸入風險至關重要？
A nurse is caring for a client who is NPO for surgery. Which intervention is essential to reduce the risk of aspiration?
- APlace the client in a side-lying position✓ 正解將病人置於側臥姿勢
- BLimit fluid intake to sips限制液體攝取僅為啜飲
- CMaintain the client in a supine position維持病人仰臥姿勢
- DProvide frequent mouth care提供頻繁的口腔護理
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
術前禁食（NPO）是為了預防麻醉期間發生吸入性肺炎（Aspiration pneumonia）。若病人發生嘔吐或意識改變，側臥位（Side-lying position）能利用重力讓嘔吐物順利流出口腔，避免進入氣道。這是維護呼吸道安全（Airway safety）的基本姿勢，在病人無法完全清醒或保護性反射受抑制時尤為重要。
Preoperative NPO status is intended to prevent aspiration pneumonia during anesthesia. If the client vomits or has altered consciousness, the side-lying position allows gravity to direct vomit out of the oral cavity, preventing entry into the airway. This is a fundamental position for maintaining airway safety, especially important when the client is not fully conscious or protective reflexes are suppressed.