病人服用華法林（Warfarin）治療。護理師的出院指導應包含哪些內容？（選所有適合的）
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. Which information should the nurse include in the discharge teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintain a consistent daily intake of vitamin K-rich foods✓ 正解維持每日維生素 K 攝取量一致
- BUse a soft-bristled toothbrush to prevent bleeding✓ 正解使用軟毛牙刷以預防出血
- CReport any unusual bruising or tarry stools to the provider✓ 正解向醫師報告任何異常瘀青或柏油樣便
- DIncrease intake of cranberry juice to enhance therapeutic effects增加蔓越莓汁攝取以增強療效
- EAvoid using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen✓ 正解避免使用非類固醇抗發炎藥 (NSAIDs)，如 Ibuprofen
華法林（Warfarin）是一種維生素 K 拮抗劑，透過影響凝血因子合成發揮作用。病人的飲食中維生素 K 攝取量必須保持穩定，以確保凝血功能（INR）在治療範圍內。同時，護理師應指導病人預防出血措施，如軟毛牙刷，並警覺消化道出血徵兆（黑便）。NSAIDs 會抑制血小板功能，增加出血風險，應避免使用。
Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist that works by interfering with the synthesis of clotting factors. The client's dietary intake of vitamin K must remain consistent to keep the INR within the therapeutic range. The nurse should also instruct the client on bleeding-prevention measures, such as using a soft-bristled toothbrush, and on recognizing signs of gastrointestinal bleeding (e.g., tarry stools). NSAIDs inhibit platelet function and increase bleeding risk, so they should be avoided.