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藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA

哪些臨床發現顯示病人出現了苯妥英鈉(Phenytoin)的副作用?(選所有適合的)

Which assessment findings indicate that a client is experiencing an adverse reaction to phenytoin? (Select all that apply.)

  • AGingival hyperplasia✓ 正解
    牙齦增生
  • BNystagmus✓ 正解
    眼球震顫
  • CAtaxia✓ 正解
    運動失調
  • DIncreased blood glucose
    血糖升高
  • ESkin rash✓ 正解
    皮膚疹
Explanation · 中文詳解

苯妥英鈉為常見抗癲癇藥物,其治療窗狹窄。長期服用會導致牙齦增生(Gingival hyperplasia);當血中濃度過高時,會出現眼球震顫(Nystagmus)與運動失調(Ataxia);皮膚疹(Skin rash)則需警惕 Stevens-Johnson syndrome 的早期徵兆,必須立即停藥報告。

Phenytoin is a commonly used antiepileptic with a narrow therapeutic window. Long-term use causes gingival hyperplasia; when serum levels are too high, nystagmus and ataxia appear; and a skin rash should raise concern for early Stevens-Johnson syndrome, requiring immediate discontinuation and reporting.

✦ 台美臨床差異

台灣針對 Phenytoin 的血中濃度監測(TDM)通常由醫師主導,護理師負責觀察並回報神經學異常症狀,美國護理師常參與給藥後的劑量調整衛教。

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