護理師正在指導學生關於『標準防護措施』（Standard Precautions）的內容。學生的哪項陳述表示其理解了教學？
A nurse is teaching a student about standard precautions. Which statement by the student indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- AStandard precautions apply to all clients, regardless of their infection status✓ 正解標準防護措施適用於所有病人，無論其感染狀況為何
- BI will wear gloves only when I know a client has a bloodborne infection僅在我知道病人有血液傳播感染時才戴手套
- CHand hygiene is not necessary if I have been wearing gloves如果戴著手套，就不需要進行手部衛生
- DI should wear a mask for all clients regardless of their diagnosis無論病人的診斷為何，我都應該對所有病人戴口罩
標準防護的核心精神是『將每位病人都視為潛在傳染源』。無論病人診斷為何，只要接觸血液、體液、分泌物（不含汗水）、非完整皮膚或黏膜，都必須採取保護措施。C 完美詮釋了這一點。為什麼其他不對？A 違反了標準防護的初衷，不能等知道有病才防護；B（全員戴口罩）屬於特定疫情期間的要求（如 COVID-19），並非標準防護的常態；D 是常見誤區，手套有微孔且脫除過程可能汙染，脫手套後必須洗手。這題是感控的基石。
The core principle of standard precautions is to treat every client as a potential source of infection. Regardless of diagnosis, protective measures must be applied whenever the nurse may contact blood, body fluids, secretions (other than sweat), non-intact skin, or mucous membranes. Option A perfectly captures this principle. Why are the others incorrect? Option B is wrong because waiting until an infection is confirmed defeats the purpose of standard precautions; Option D (universal masking for all clients) is a requirement during specific outbreaks (such as COVID-19) and is not part of routine standard precautions; Option C reflects a common misconception—gloves have microscopic pores and can be contaminated during removal, so hand hygiene is required after glove removal. This question covers a cornerstone of infection control.
美台兩地對標準防護的理論定義一致。但實務上，美國對於『脫手套後洗手』的稽核非常嚴格，若被觀察到沒洗手，在醫院評鑑中會視為重大失誤。