— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師正在教導病人有關預防跌倒。下列何種因素顯著增加了老年人跌倒的風險？
A nurse is educating a client about preventing falls. Which factor significantly increases the risk of falls in older adults?
- ARegular physical exercise規律的身體運動
- BUse of assistive devices使用輔助器具
- CGood vision良好的視力
- DPolypharmacy (use of multiple medications)✓ 正解多重用藥（使用多種藥物）
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
同時服用多種藥物（Polypharmacy）是老年人跌倒風險增加的重要原因，藥物副作用（如頭暈、嗜睡）或藥物交互作用都可能導致跌倒。良好的視力、使用輔助工具（若正確使用）和規律運動都有助於降低跌倒風險。
Taking multiple medications concurrently (polypharmacy) is an important reason for increased fall risk in older adults; adverse drug effects (such as dizziness or drowsiness) and drug-drug interactions can both lead to falls. Good vision, the proper use of assistive devices, and regular exercise all help reduce the risk of falls.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國老年醫學會（ AGS）建議對服用多種藥物的長者進行藥物審查；台灣的藥師也提供用藥諮詢服務，但整合性照護和主動介入的機制仍有進步空間。