— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師指導客戶關於預防皮膚癌的初級預防策略。下列哪項建議應包含在內？
A nurse is teaching a client about primary prevention strategies to reduce the risk of skin cancer. Which advice should the nurse include?
- AApply broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher✓ 正解塗抹SPF 30或更高的廣譜防曬乳
- BPerform self-skin examinations only once a year每年僅進行一次自我皮膚檢查
- CUse tanning beds instead of direct sunlight使用助曬床代替陽光直射
- DAvoid sun exposure only during the winter months僅在冬季避免陽光曝曬
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
皮膚癌的初級預防（Primary prevention）重點在於阻斷致癌因子。紫外線（UV）輻射是皮膚癌的主要致癌物。使用防曬乳（SPF 30 以上）能有效阻擋大部分的 UVA 與 UVB，保護皮膚細胞免受 DNA 損傷。此外，應衛教客戶養成全年度防曬習慣，而非僅在夏季，並避免任何形式的人工紫外線暴露（如助曬床）。
Applying broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher is a primary preventive strategy that blocks harmful UVA and UVB radiation. This protects skin cells from DNA damage caused by ultraviolet exposure, which is the leading cause of skin cancer. Clients should use sunscreen year-round and avoid artificial tanning sources to minimize risk.