— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師向客戶解釋疫苗的重要性。客戶下列哪句話顯示其了解次級預防？
A nurse is teaching a client about the importance of vaccines. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of secondary prevention?
- AI will do physical therapy to help my arthritis我會做物理治療來幫助我的關節炎
- BI will eat healthy to prevent diabetes我會健康飲食以預防糖尿病
- CI will get a skin screening because I want to find cancer early✓ 正解我會做皮膚篩檢，因為我想早期發現癌症
- DI will get my flu shot to avoid getting the flu我會打流感疫苗以避免感染流感
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
健康預防層級分為初級、次級與三級。次級預防（Secondary Prevention）的核心在於「早期發現」與「早期治療」，旨在透過篩檢在症狀出現前診斷出疾病，以提高治癒率。癌症篩檢（如皮膚癌、乳癌或子宮頸癌篩檢）屬於典型的次級預防手段，因為它們針對的是無症狀的高風險族群。在臨床思路中，護理師需區分預防疾病發生（初級）、早期診斷（次級）與功能復健（三級）。
Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and prompt treatment to halt disease progression, typically through screening for asymptomatic individuals. A skin screening aims to identify cancer before symptoms appear, which aligns with this level of prevention. In contrast, vaccinations and healthy diets are primary prevention strategies, while physical therapy is considered tertiary prevention.