護理師照護一位有失智症、夜間激躁且四處遊走的病人，應優先採取哪項措施？
A nurse is caring for a client with dementia who is agitated and wandering at night. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
- AApply physical restraints to prevent falls應用身體約束以防止跌倒
- BPlace the client in a room near the nurses' station✓ 正解將病人安置在護理站附近的房間
- CAdminister an as-needed sedative給予按需鎮靜劑
- DProvide a structured activity to redirect the client提供結構化活動以轉移病人注意力
對於失智症病人，安全優先於約束。將病人安置於護理站附近可增加觀察密度，及時發現並滿足其需求（如飢餓、排尿），這是最不具干擾性的護理介入。鎮靜劑與約束屬於最後手段，需謹慎使用。轉移注意力固然重要，但環境監控對安全性而言是基礎。
For clients with dementia, safety takes precedence over restraint. Placing the client in a room near the nurses' station increases observation frequency and allows needs (such as hunger or toileting) to be addressed promptly; this is the least restrictive intervention. Sedatives and physical restraints are last-resort measures that must be used with caution. Although redirecting with structured activities is important, environmental monitoring is foundational for safety.
美國非常強調「零約束」（Zero Restraint）環境；台灣在照護失智或激躁病人時，對身體約束的依賴程度通常較高。