— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照顧一位發燒且有痰的病人，該病人近期曾至流感盛行地區旅遊。護理師進入病房時應使用何種設備？
A nurse is caring for a client with a fever and productive cough. The client has a history of recent travel to an area with a high incidence of influenza. Which equipment should the nurse use when entering the client's room?
- AGoggles護目鏡
- BSurgical mask✓ 正解外科口罩
- CGown and gloves隔離衣與手套
- DN95 respiratorN95 呼吸器
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
流感（Influenza）的傳播途徑主要是「飛沫傳播」（Droplet transmission）。飛沫顆粒較大（通常大於 5 微米），在空氣中停留時間短且傳播距離有限（約 1 公尺內）。因此，進入病房時穿戴標準外科口罩（Surgical mask）即可有效阻擋飛沫，保護照護者。除非是進行會產生氣膠的醫療操作（如插管），否則不需要 N95 口罩。
Influenza is transmitted via large respiratory droplets that travel short distances, making a surgical mask appropriate for protection during routine care. An N95 respirator is reserved for airborne precautions or aerosol-generating procedures, while goggles and gowns are not primarily indicated for standard droplet transmission control.