— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 55 歲客戶預約健康檢查。護理師在評估期間應優先執行哪項次級預防措施？
A 55-year-old client is scheduled for a routine health screening. Which secondary prevention intervention should the nurse prioritize during the assessment?
- AScreening for occult blood in the stool✓ 正解糞便潛血篩檢
- BDiscussing a smoking cessation program討論戒菸計畫
- CAdministering a tetanus booster injection施打破傷風加強針
- DProviding education on healthy dietary habits提供健康飲食習慣教育
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
次級預防的核心在於早期偵測與篩檢，旨在於疾病尚無症狀時找出潛在病灶。大腸癌糞便潛血檢查是針對無症狀高風險族群的典型篩檢手段。A 為三級或初級預防（預防感染），B 與 D 屬於初級預防，旨在阻止疾病發生。
The core of secondary prevention is early detection and screening, aimed at identifying potential disease before symptoms appear. Fecal occult blood testing for colorectal cancer is a classic screening tool for asymptomatic high-risk populations. Option C is tertiary or primary prevention (preventing infection), while Options B and D are primary prevention aimed at preventing disease onset.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國常依據 USPSTF 指引進行常規篩檢；台灣則依國民健康署提供的成人預防保健服務進行。