— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師指導一位服用 phenytoin 治療癲癇的病人，下列哪項指導至關重要？
A nurse is teaching a client who has been prescribed phenytoin for seizure control. Which instruction is essential to include?
- ATake the medication with an antacid與制酸劑一起服用藥物
- BIncrease dietary intake of iron增加飲食中的鐵攝取量
- CPerform thorough oral hygiene daily✓ 正解每天徹底進行口腔清潔
- DStop the medication if you feel dizzy如果感到頭暈就停止用藥
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Phenytoin 常見的副作用為牙齦增生（Gingival hyperplasia）。護理指導重點在於教導正確的口腔衛生維護，以降低牙齦發炎與增生的發生率。停藥可能導致癲癇發作，不可隨意停止；且該藥與制酸劑可能產生交互作用影響吸收，應避免同時服用。
A common side effect of phenytoin is gingival hyperplasia. The focus of nursing teaching is on maintaining proper oral hygiene to reduce the incidence of gingival inflammation and hyperplasia. Stopping the medication may trigger seizures and is not to be done without medical advice; furthermore, this drug may interact with antacids and impair absorption, so concurrent administration should be avoided.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣牙科醫師常與藥師合作處理長期使用 Phenytoin 病人的牙齦問題，流程與美國類似。