護理師準備靜脈推注(IV bolus)藥物。哪些行動有助於確保安全?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is preparing to administer an IV bolus of a medication. Which actions are appropriate to ensure safety? (Select all that apply.)
- AVerify the client's identity using two identifiers✓ 正解使用兩種識別方式確認病人身份
- BCheck the compatibility of the medication with the running IV fluid✓ 正解檢查藥物與正在輸注的靜脈液體的相容性
- CAdminister the medication as quickly as possible to save time盡快給予藥物以節省時間
- DAssess the IV site for signs of infiltration✓ 正解評估靜脈注射部位是否有滲漏跡象
- EFlush the line with saline before and after if required✓ 正解如需,在輸注前後以生理食鹽水沖洗管路
靜脈推注(IV bolus)藥物是一種將藥物快速或在短時間內直接注入靜脈的給藥方式,常用於需要快速達到治療濃度的情況,如急症處理。由於藥物直接進入血液循環,其作用迅速且效力強,因此確保給藥過程的安全性至關重要。護理師必須嚴格遵守「五對」原則(Right patient, Right drug, Right dose, Right route, Right time)並額外注意藥物相容性、注射部位評估及正確的推注速度,以避免藥物不良反應或注射部位併發症。這些安全措施是保障病人治療效果和避免危害的基礎。
Safety during IV bolus administration requires verifying the client's identity with two identifiers and assessing the IV site for patency and infiltration. The nurse must check medication compatibility with existing IV fluids and flush the line before and after administration to ensure the full dose is delivered. Rapid administration should be avoided to prevent speed shock, adhering strictly to the rights of medication administration.
靜脈推注(IV bolus)的給藥安全原則,包括核對病人身份、檢查藥物相容性、評估注射部位和沖洗管路等,在台灣和美國的臨床實踐中是完全一致的。兩地都嚴格遵循「五對」原則,並強調藥物推注速度的重要性,以確保病人安全。對於不相容藥物的處理或管路沖洗的規範,兩地的護理常規和藥物管理準則並無顯著差異。這是全球護理實踐的共同標準。