— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · SATA —
護理師準備執行給藥。下列哪些行為符合安全給藥原則？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer medications. Which actions are consistent with safe medication administration? (Select all that apply.)
- AChecking the client's identification bracelet before administration✓ 正解給藥前檢查病人識別手環
- BComparing the medication label against the MAR three times✓ 正解將藥物標籤與醫囑記錄單（MAR）核對三次
- CAllowing the client to keep medications at the bedside for later允許病人將藥物留在床邊稍後服用
- DAsking the client to state their name and date of birth✓ 正解請病人口述其姓名與出生日期
- EVerifying allergies before administering any medication✓ 正解給藥前確認過敏史
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
安全給藥需遵守五權/七權原則。核對身分（識別手圈及口頭詢問）、三次核對藥名與劑量、過敏史確認，均是防止給錯藥的核心步驟。讓病人將藥物留於床邊自行服用（選項C）則違反了直接觀察病人服藥（Direct Observation）的護理準則，可能導致漏服、誤服或遭他人誤食的風險。
Safe medication administration requires verifying patient identity using two identifiers, such as checking the wristband and asking the client to state their name and date of birth. Nurses must also perform the 'three checks' by comparing the medication label against the Medication Administration Record (MAR) and verify allergies prior to administration to prevent errors and adverse reactions.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院針對給藥流程有極為嚴格的 barcode 掃描流程（BCMA），台灣目前亦全面推廣掃描作業，但在高壓單位有時仍仰賴人工核對。