護理師正在提供有關慢性疼痛管理的資訊。下列何種非藥物方法常有效？
A nurse is providing information on managing chronic pain. Which non-pharmacological approach is often effective?
- ACognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)✓ 正解認知行為療法 (CBT)
- BAvoiding all physical activity避免所有身體活動
- CIncreased intake of pain medication增加止痛藥攝取量
- DProlonged bed rest長期臥床休息
慢性疼痛管理強調多模態治療（Multimodal therapy）。認知行為療法（CBT）的核心在於調整病人對疼痛的認知偏差（如災難化思考），並建立有效的應對機制（Coping strategies）。臨床上，過度依賴止痛藥可能導致副作用或耐受性，而長期臥床則會導致肌肉萎縮與關節僵硬，反而加劇慢性疼痛，因此物理治療與心理介入結合才是黃金標準。
Chronic pain management emphasizes a multimodal approach. The core of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is to adjust the client's cognitive distortions about pain (such as catastrophizing) and to build effective coping strategies. Clinically, overreliance on analgesics may lead to side effects or tolerance, while prolonged bed rest causes muscle atrophy and joint stiffness, worsening chronic pain. Therefore, combining physical therapy with psychological intervention is the gold standard.
在美國臨床環境中，多專業團隊（Multidisciplinary team）合作非常普遍，護理師常會主動轉介個案給心理師進行 CBT，強調非藥物介入優先於鴉片類藥物使用。