— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · SATA —
下列哪些護理措施能協助降低術後病人深層靜脈栓塞(DVT)的風險?(選所有適合的)
Which of the following nursing interventions helps reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in a post-surgical client? (Select all that apply.)
- AEncourage early and frequent ambulation✓ 正解鼓勵早期且頻繁的下床活動
- BApply sequential compression devices (SCDs)✓ 正解使用順序性氣壓加壓裝置(SCDs)
- CAdminister prescribed prophylactic anticoagulants✓ 正解給予處方之預防性抗凝血劑
- DPlace a pillow under the knees在膝蓋下方放置枕頭
- EPerform active or passive range-of-motion exercises✓ 正解執行主動或被動的關節活動範圍運動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防 DVT 的核心在於促進血液回流。早期下床(A)、使用間歇性氣壓墊(B)、藥物預防(C)及肢體運動(E)均有助於維持血流動力學。放置膝下枕頭(D)會壓迫膕窩血管,阻礙靜脈回流,是 DVT 的高危險因子。
The cornerstone of DVT prevention is promotion of venous return. Early ambulation (A), the use of intermittent pneumatic compression devices (B), pharmacologic prophylaxis (C), and limb exercises (E) all help maintain hemodynamics. Placing a pillow under the knees (D) compresses the popliteal vessels and obstructs venous return, making it a high risk factor for DVT.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地均強調抗凝血治療,但美國對 SCD 的使用規範與監測有更嚴格的品質追蹤指標。