一位患有活動性肺結核（TB）的病人正準備轉運至放射科進行 X 光檢查。最正確的護理措施為何？
A client with active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is being transported to the radiology department for an X-ray. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
- APlace a surgical mask on the client during transport✓ 正解在轉運期間給病人戴上外科口罩
- BEnsure the radiology room is equipped with negative pressure確保放射科配備負壓環境
- CThe nurse should wear an N95 respirator during the transport護理師在轉運期間應佩戴 N95 呼吸器
- DCancel the transport until the client's sputum becomes negative直到病人的痰液檢測呈陰性為止，取消轉運
肺結核屬於空氣傳染（Airborne Precautions），在轉運過程中，控制傳染源（Source Control）是最有效的方法。讓病人戴上外科口罩（Surgical mask）可以過濾大部分隨咳嗽或呼吸排出的飛沫核，保護公共空間的人員。臨床思路應區分『誰該戴什麼』。選項 C 錯誤，護理師在病房內需戴 N95，但在開放的走廊轉運時，重點是讓病人戴口罩；選項 B 雖然理想但非現實，並非所有 X 光室都能隨時維持負壓，首要防護仍是病人面罩；選項 D 錯誤，必要的醫療檢查不能因隔離而無限期延後，應採取適當防護後執行。
Tuberculosis requires airborne precautions. During transport, source control is the most effective method. Having the client wear a surgical mask filters most droplet nuclei expelled by coughing or breathing, thereby protecting people in public areas. Clinical reasoning should distinguish who wears what. Option C is incorrect: the nurse must wear an N95 in the patient's room, but during transport through open hallways, the priority is masking the patient. Option B, although ideal, is unrealistic, as not all X-ray rooms can maintain negative pressure at all times; the primary protection remains the patient's mask. Option D is incorrect because necessary medical examinations cannot be indefinitely postponed for isolation reasons; appropriate precautions should be taken and the procedure performed.
美國 NCLEX 非常強調「Source Control」原則；台灣臨床轉運結核病人時，除了病人戴口罩，轉運人員有時也會被要求全程配戴 N95 以求最高規格防護，且轉運路徑通常會先行通知並清場。