— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師評估一位病人的活動能力。測試垂足（foot drop）的正確方法是什麼？
A nurse is assessing a client's mobility. What is the correct way to test for foot drop?
- AMeasure the strength of the calf muscles測量小腿肌肉力量
- BCheck for range of motion in the ankle✓ 正解檢查踝關節的活動範圍
- CAssess the skin on the heel評估足跟皮膚
- DObserve the client's ability to walk on their heels觀察病人用腳跟行走的能力
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
垂足（Foot drop）通常源於腓神經（Peroneal nerve）受壓或長時間臥床導致的小腿前側肌肉無力。檢查重點在於評估踝關節的「背屈」（Dorsiflexion）能力。當病人無法主動將腳尖向上翹起時，即為垂足徵象。早期發現並透過關節活動度（ROM）練習及使用足托板（Foot board）可預防永久性變形。
Foot drop typically results from peroneal nerve compression or weakness of the anterior lower-leg muscles due to prolonged bed rest. Assessment focuses on the ability to dorsiflex the ankle. When the client is unable to actively lift the toes upward, foot drop is present. Early detection together with range-of-motion (ROM) exercises and use of a foot board can prevent permanent deformity.