護理師應指導高血壓病人服用 ACE 抑制劑期間，避免使用下列哪些藥物？（選所有適合的）
Which medications should the nurse instruct a client with hypertension to avoid while taking an ACE inhibitor? (Select all that apply.)
- APotassium-sparing diuretics✓ 正解保鉀利尿劑
- BNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)✓ 正解非類固醇抗發炎藥物（NSAIDs）
- CPotassium supplements✓ 正解鉀離子補充劑
- DAcetaminophen乙醯胺酚
- ECalcium carbonate supplements碳酸鈣補充劑
ACE 抑制劑（如 Lisinopril）會抑制醛固酮（aldosterone）分泌，導致腎臟減少鉀離子的排泄，易引發高血鉀。因此，併用保鉀利尿劑或補充鉀離子會顯著增加致命性高血鉀的風險。此外，NSAIDs（如 Ibuprofen）會影響腎臟的前列腺素合成，導致腎臟灌流減少，不僅可能加重腎功能負擔，還會拮抗 ACE 抑制劑的降壓效果。護理師應衛教病人避免未經醫囑併用這些藥物。
ACE inhibitors (such as lisinopril) suppress aldosterone secretion, resulting in decreased renal excretion of potassium and predisposing the client to hyperkalemia. Therefore, concurrent use with potassium-sparing diuretics or potassium supplements significantly increases the risk of fatal hyperkalemia. In addition, NSAIDs (such as ibuprofen) inhibit renal prostaglandin synthesis, decreasing renal perfusion, increasing the burden on the kidneys, and antagonizing the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid using these medications concurrently without medical advice.