病人因陣發性疼痛被處方 Morphine 4mg 靜脈注射。護理師發現病人意識昏沈且呼吸次數為每分鐘 8 次，優先處置為何？
A client is prescribed Morphine sulfate 4mg IV push for breakthrough pain. The nurse notes the client is drowsy and respiratory rate is 8 breaths per minute. What is the priority intervention?
- ANotify the physician immediately立即通知醫師
- BEncourage the client to take deep breaths鼓勵病人深呼吸
- CCheck the client's oxygen saturation檢查病人的血氧飽和度
- DAdminister Naloxone per protocol✓ 正解依規定給予納洛酮（Naloxone）
鴉片類藥物（如嗎啡）引起的呼吸抑制（Respiratory depression）是致命性的副作用。當病人呼吸頻率低於 8 次/分且伴隨意識昏沈，屬於呼吸抑制的危急狀態。Naloxone 是一種鴉片類受體拮抗劑，能迅速逆轉呼吸抑制，挽救病人的生命。在安全（Safety）優先的原則下，給予拮抗劑是首要介入，絕對不能僅依賴評估或通知醫師。
Opioid-induced respiratory depression is life-threatening. A respiratory rate of 8/min with drowsiness after morphine indicates significant respiratory depression. Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist and rapidly reverses respiratory depression. Under safety-first principles, administering the antidote is the priority intervention and must not be delayed by reassessment alone or by notifying the provider first.