— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師照顧一位正接受萬古黴素（Vancomycin）治療的病人。下列哪項措施最能預防紅人症候群？
A nurse is caring for a client receiving vancomycin. What is the most appropriate action to prevent Red Man Syndrome?
- AAdminister an antihistamine prior to infusion在輸注前給予抗組織胺
- BMonitor for signs of anaphylaxis監測過敏性休克的跡象
- CInfuse the medication over at least 60 minutes✓ 正解將藥物在至少 60 分鐘內輸注完畢
- DDecrease the medication dose減少藥物劑量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）是萬古黴素輸注過快導致組織胺大量釋放所致。預防的核心在於減慢輸注速率，通常要求至少輸注 60 分鐘以上。抗組織胺（A）僅能緩解症狀，而非預防原因；降低劑量（D）無法達成抗菌治療目標。
Red Man Syndrome is caused by massive histamine release due to rapid infusion of vancomycin. The cornerstone of prevention is slowing the infusion rate, typically by infusing the medication over at least 60 minutes. Antihistamines (A) only relieve symptoms rather than addressing the underlying cause, and decreasing the dose (D) would compromise antimicrobial therapy.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫院常針對 Vancomycin 訂立嚴格的給藥與監測規範，部分醫院強制規定 90 分鐘以上輸注。