— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位服用二甲雙胍（Metformin）治療第二型糖尿病的病人。護理師在評估時應優先關注何種副作用？
A nurse is assessing a client taking metformin for type 2 diabetes. Which adverse effect should the nurse prioritize during the assessment?
- AWeight loss體重減輕
- BLactic acidosis symptoms✓ 正解乳酸中毒症狀
- CMetallic taste in the mouth口中金屬味
- DDiarrhea腹瀉
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Metformin 雖常引起腹瀉或金屬味，但最危險且致命的副作用為乳酸中毒（Lactic acidosis）。病人若出現不明原因的肌肉痠痛、呼吸困難或極度疲倦，必須立刻警覺，這是臨床護理上最需優先辨識的紅旗指標。
Although metformin commonly causes diarrhea or a metallic taste, the most dangerous and potentially fatal adverse effect is lactic acidosis. If a client develops unexplained muscle soreness, dyspnea, or extreme fatigue, the nurse must be alert immediately. This is the most critical red-flag indicator that nursing care must prioritize.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對 Metformin 引起乳酸中毒的重視程度均高，特別是針對腎功能不佳的病人。