護理師正照護一名疑似結核病且需採取空氣隔離的病人，進入房間前應穿戴哪些個人防護裝備？
A nurse is caring for a client on airborne precautions for suspected tuberculosis. Which personal protective equipment (PPE) should the nurse apply before entering the room?
- AFace shield and apron面罩與圍裙
- BN95 respirator✓ 正解N95 呼吸器
- CSurgical mask and gloves外科口罩與手套
- DGown and goggles隔離衣與護目鏡
結核病（Tuberculosis, TB）透過空氣微粒傳播，這些微粒極小且能長期懸浮於空氣中。標準的外科口罩僅能阻擋飛沫與大顆粒，無法過濾結核菌微粒。因此，進入此類病人房間前，必須配戴能過濾至少 95% 直徑 0.3 微米微粒的 N95 呼吸器（N95 respirator）。臨床照護中，務必落實空氣隔離（Airborne precautions）規範，並確保病房為負壓隔離室，以保護醫護人員與其他病人。
Tuberculosis (TB) is transmitted via airborne droplet nuclei, which are extremely small and can remain suspended in the air for long periods. A standard surgical mask only blocks droplets and large particles and cannot filter out TB droplet nuclei. Therefore, an N95 respirator capable of filtering at least 95% of particles 0.3 microns in diameter must be worn before entering the room. In clinical practice, airborne precautions must be strictly enforced, and the patient should be in a negative-pressure isolation room to protect health care workers and other patients.
美國醫院對於 N95 呼吸器的使用有嚴格的「試戴測試（Fit testing）」規範，要求護理師每年進行測試以確保密合度，此點與台灣臨床要求一致，但美國對法規執行與紀錄追蹤非常嚴謹。