哪些是毛地黃(Digoxin)中毒的經典症狀?(選所有適合的)
Which of the following are the classic symptoms of digoxin toxicity? (Select all that apply.)
- ABradycardia✓ 正解心動過緩
- BAnorexia✓ 正解食慾不振
- CBlurred vision with green-yellow halos✓ 正解視力模糊伴隨黃綠色光暈
- DPolydipsia多飲
- EConfusion意識混亂
毛地黃(Digoxin)具有窄治療指數(Narrow therapeutic index),極易產生中毒。中毒徵兆分為心臟、腸胃與神經視覺系統。心臟方面常見心跳過慢(Bradycardia)或各種心律不整。腸胃道早期症狀包括厭食(Anorexia)、噁心、嘔吐。視覺異常則是經典指標,病人常主訴看到黃綠色光暈(Green-yellow halos)或視力模糊。護理師給藥前必須測量心尖脈(Apical pulse)滿一分鐘,若心跳低於每分鐘 60 下則須停藥並通知醫師。
Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic index and is highly prone to toxicity. Signs of toxicity occur in cardiac, gastrointestinal, and neurologic/visual systems. Cardiac manifestations commonly include bradycardia or various arrhythmias. Early gastrointestinal symptoms include anorexia, nausea, and vomiting. Visual disturbance is a classic indicator, with clients often reporting yellow-green halos or blurred vision. Before administering digoxin, the nurse must measure the apical pulse for a full minute; if the heart rate is below 60 beats per minute, the dose must be held and the provider notified.