護理師教導個案如何在長途飛行中預防深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）。哪些措施適當？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about the prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) during long flights. Which measures are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- APerform calf muscle exercises while seated✓ 正解坐姿時進行小腿肌肉運動
- BGet up and walk the aisle periodically✓ 正解定時起身沿過道行走
- CAvoid wearing compression stockings避免穿著彈性襪
- DIncrease fluid intake during the flight✓ 正解飛行期間增加水分攝取
- ECross your legs to remain comfortable while sleeping睡眠時交叉雙腿以保持舒適
長途飛行時，長時間靜坐與空間狹小會導致下肢血液循環淤滯，進而增加深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）的風險。預防核心在於促進靜脈回流與避免血管壓迫。適當的措施包括：透過肌肉收縮促進循環（A）、週期性活動伸展下肢（B）以及維持適當水分攝取以避免血液黏稠度增加（D）。臨床上，護理師應衛教個案避免任何限制血液循環的行為，並強調水分攝取的重要性。
During long flights, prolonged sitting and the confined space cause venous stasis in the lower extremities, thereby increasing the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The core of prevention is to promote venous return and avoid vascular compression. Appropriate measures include: promoting circulation through muscle contraction (A), periodically getting up to walk and stretch the lower extremities (B), and maintaining adequate fluid intake to prevent increased blood viscosity (D). Clinically, the nurse should educate the client to avoid any behaviors that restrict blood circulation and to emphasize the importance of fluid intake.
美國臨床更傾向強調飛行中穿著彈性襪（Flight socks/Compression stockings）的預防價值，尤其針對高風險族群。台灣臨床對此衛教較為簡略，多建議多走動，但美國護理實務中會詳細提供壓力襪的選購建議（壓力等級）。