— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導長者運動好處。哪些觀點正確？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a group of older adults about exercise benefits. Which statements are accurate? (Select all that apply.)
- AExercise improves balance and prevents falls✓ 正解運動可改善平衡並預防跌倒
- BRegular activity helps maintain bone density✓ 正解規律活動有助於維持骨密度
- CPhysical activity can boost mental health✓ 正解身體活動可提升心理健康
- DOnly high-intensity sports provide benefits只有高強度運動才有益處
- EExercise is too dangerous for most older adults對大多數長者而言，運動太危險
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
運動對長者具有多方面的健康益處。核心概念在於預防衰弱（frailty）及維持獨立生活能力。適度運動能強化肌肉力量與協調性，顯著降低跌倒風險；透過負重運動刺激骨細胞，有助於減緩骨質流失；此外，規律活動能促進腦內啡分泌，改善情緒並減輕老年憂鬱。護理師應鼓勵長者根據自身健康狀況選擇合適的活動強度，而非認為運動僅限於年輕人或高強度運動。
Regular exercise for older adults improves balance and coordination, significantly reducing the risk of falls, while weight-bearing activities help maintain bone density. Additionally, physical activity promotes mental health by releasing endorphins and reducing social isolation, making it a safe and beneficial practice when tailored to individual capabilities.