護理師對一位剛做完結腸造口術的病人進行指導，哪項徵象需立即回報？
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient with a new colostomy. Which finding should the nurse instruct the patient to report immediately?
- ADark red or purple discoloration of the stoma✓ 正解造口呈暗紅或紫色
- BMucoid discharge from the stoma造口有黏液排出
- CMild swelling of the stoma造口輕微腫脹
- DSmall amount of bleeding when cleaning清潔時有少量出血
結腸造口術（Colostomy）術後，評估造口（Stoma）的血循狀態是術後護理的優先事項。健康的造口應呈現粉紅色或鮮紅色且濕潤，這代表血液灌流良好。若造口呈現深紅色、紫色、黑色或蒼白，則強烈暗示缺血（Ischemia）或壞死（Necrosis），這是嚴重的外科急症，可能導致穿孔或腹膜炎，必須立即通知醫師進行緊急評估。
After colostomy surgery, assessing the perfusion (blood circulation) of the stoma is the top priority in postoperative nursing care. A healthy stoma should appear pink or bright red and moist, indicating good blood flow. If the stoma appears dark red, purple, black, or pale, this strongly suggests ischemia or necrosis — a serious surgical emergency that may lead to perforation or peritonitis and requires immediate notification of the physician for urgent evaluation.