— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
哪位病人最容易缺乏維生素 D？
Which client is at the highest risk for Vitamin D deficiency?
- AA 40-year-old who eats a balanced diet一位飲食均衡的40歲人士
- BA 20-year-old student who plays outdoor sports一位從事戶外運動的20歲學生
- CA 35-year-old who works in a bright office一位在明亮辦公室工作的35歲人士
- DA 70-year-old living in a nursing home with limited sun exposure✓ 正解一位居住於護理之家且日照接觸有限的70歲人士
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
維生素 D 主要透過皮膚接觸紫外線（UVB）合成，並在肝臟與腎臟進行活化。高齡者皮膚合成維生素 D 的效率顯著下降，加上長期居住於護理機構（Nursing home）者，往往因戶外活動受限、營養攝取不均及代謝功能減退，成為維生素 D 缺乏的高風險群。臨床護理需優先評估高齡族群的活動力與陽光接觸機會，並考慮是否需補充營養品。
Vitamin D synthesis relies on skin exposure to sunlight, which becomes less efficient with aging. Older adults living in nursing homes are at the highest risk due to limited sun exposure, reduced skin synthesis capacity, and potential nutritional deficits, making them prone to deficiency.