— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 25 歲女性詢問乳癌篩檢，護理師應如何回答？
A 25-year-old female client asks about screening for breast cancer. What is the nurse's best response?
- AState that screening is not necessary ever表示從來不需要篩檢
- BRecommend an immediate mammogram建議立即進行乳房攝影檢查
- CExplain that routine screening usually starts at age 40 to 50✓ 正解說明常規篩檢通常從40至50歲開始
- DInstruct her to perform monthly breast exams as the primary screening tool指示她每月進行乳房自我檢查作為主要篩檢工具
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
根據多數國際指引，平均風險女性的常規乳房攝影建議從 40 或 50 歲開始。B（過早）、A（非不重要，是目前不需要常規篩檢）、D（目前證據顯示自我檢查對降低死亡率效果有限，雖可進行但非唯一或主要篩檢手段）。
Most international guidelines recommend that routine mammography for women at average risk begin at age 40 or 50. Option B is wrong (too early), option A is wrong (screening is not unimportant but is currently not required for routine practice), and option D is wrong because current evidence shows that breast self-examination has limited effect on reducing mortality and, while it can still be performed, it is not the sole or primary screening tool.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣針對乳癌篩檢建議 45-69 歲女性每兩年接受一次乳房攝影，美國各機構間建議年齡略有差異。