病人出現急性過敏性休克反應，護理師應預期施打哪種藥物？
Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer to a client experiencing an acute anaphylactic reaction?
- AMethylprednisolone甲基潑尼松龍
- BAlbuterol舒喘靈
- CDiphenhydramine苯海拉明
- DEpinephrine✓ 正解腎上腺素
過敏性休克（Anaphylaxis）屬危及生命的緊急情況，腎上腺素（Epinephrine）透過 α 與 β 受體作用，能迅速收縮血管提升血壓並擴張支氣管，逆轉過敏反應。這是過敏性休克唯一能挽救生命的首選藥物，必須優先給予。其他藥物（抗組織胺、類固醇）屬於輔助性治療，無法替代腎上腺素在急性休克期的關鍵救命角色。
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening emergency. Epinephrine acts on alpha and beta receptors to rapidly constrict blood vessels (raising blood pressure) and dilate the bronchi, reversing the allergic reaction. It is the only first-line, life-saving drug for anaphylaxis and must be administered first. Other medications (antihistamines, corticosteroids) are adjunctive therapies and cannot replace the critical life-saving role of epinephrine during the acute phase of shock.