— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人獲開立抗高血壓藥物。下列哪項建議對於預防姿勢性低血壓最重要？
A client is prescribed medication for hypertension. Which of the following instructions is most important to prevent orthostatic hypotension?
- ARise slowly from a sitting or lying position✓ 正解從坐著或躺著的姿勢緩慢起身
- BAvoid salt intake completely完全避免攝取鹽分
- CTake the medication with plenty of water服用藥物時搭配大量清水
- DTake the medication with grapefruit juice以葡萄柚汁送服藥物
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
姿勢性低血壓常發生於服用抗高血壓藥物後，因血管擴張導致血液回流速度不足。緩慢變換姿勢讓身體有足夠時間代償心跳與血管阻力，是最有效的預防方式。果汁可能與藥物交互作用，限鹽則與姿勢性低血壓防護關聯性較小。
Orthostatic hypotension is common after taking antihypertensive medications because vasodilation causes insufficient venous return. Changing positions slowly gives the body adequate time to compensate through increased heart rate and vascular resistance, making it the most effective preventive measure. Juices may interact with medications, and salt restriction has comparatively little relevance to the prevention of orthostatic hypotension.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地衛教重點一致，對於高齡病人尤為重視「起床三部曲」的教育。