護理師準備執行肌肉注射，下列哪項措施是預防感染傳播最有效的方法？
A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to a client. Which action is the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection?
- AWearing clean gloves戴清潔手套
- BPerforming hand hygiene✓ 正解執行手部衛生
- CCleaning the injection site with alcohol以酒精清潔注射部位
- DUsing a sterile needle使用無菌針頭
洗手（Hand Hygiene）是控制醫療相關感染（Healthcare-Associated Infections, HAI）最核心且有效的手段。根據 CDC 指南，手部衛生能有效移除暫時性菌叢（Transient flora），中斷病原體透過醫護人員手部傳播給病人的途徑。無論是否配戴手套，執行任何醫療處置（如肌肉注射）前，洗手皆是不可忽略的基礎步驟，這不僅保護病人，也保護醫護人員。
Hand hygiene is the most central and effective measure for controlling healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). According to CDC guidelines, hand hygiene effectively removes transient flora and interrupts the transmission of pathogens from healthcare workers' hands to patients. Regardless of whether gloves are worn, hand hygiene is a foundational step that must not be omitted before any medical procedure (such as intramuscular injection); it protects not only the patient but also the healthcare worker.