病人在靜脈滴注萬古黴素（Vancomycin）時，出現頸部與臉部潮紅。護理師應採取何種措施？
A client is receiving an infusion of vancomycin. The nurse observes flushing of the neck and face. What is the appropriate nursing action?
- ASlow the infusion rate✓ 正解減慢輸注速率
- BDocument the incident and continue the infusion記錄事件並繼續輸注
- CAdminister an antihistamine immediately立即給予抗組織胺
- DDiscontinue the infusion permanently永久停止輸注
萬古黴素（Vancomycin）輸注過快常引起「紅人症候群」（Red Man Syndrome），這是因組織胺（Histamine）快速釋放所致，表現為臉部、頸部及軀幹上部的潮紅、搔癢與低血壓。這是輸注反應而非過敏反應，首要處理措施是暫停或減慢輸注速度，讓身體有時間代謝過多的組織胺，通常減慢速度後症狀即可緩解。
Rapid infusion of vancomycin can cause 'Red Man Syndrome,' due to a rapid release of histamine, presenting as flushing of the face, neck, and upper trunk, pruritus, and hypotension. This is an infusion reaction, not an allergic reaction, and the primary intervention is to stop or slow the infusion to allow time for the body to metabolize the excess histamine; symptoms usually resolve once the rate is decreased.
美國臨床對於 Vancomycin 的給藥時間有嚴格規定（通常至少 60-90 分鐘），護理師在給藥前通常會確認是否已有醫囑可給予抗組織胺預防，但發生紅人症候群時，減速仍為標準處置。