病人獲醫囑給予 furosemide 40 mg 靜脈注射。給藥期間必須監測什麼?
A client is prescribed furosemide 40 mg IV push. Which monitoring is essential during the administration?
- ARate of administration✓ 正解給藥速度
- BHemoglobin A1c糖化血色素
- CSerum creatinine血清肌酸酐
- DBlood glucose levels血糖
Furosemide 是一種環利尿劑(loop diuretic),其作用機轉是抑制亨利氏環(Loop of Henle)對鈉和氯的再吸收。靜脈注射(IV push)時,推注速度至關重要。若推注速度過快(超過每分鐘 20-40 mg),會導致血中藥物濃度瞬間飆升,直接影響內耳毛細胞的代謝,導致暫時性或永久性的耳毒性(ototoxicity)。護理師在給藥時,必須嚴格遵守給藥速度限制,這是藥物動力學中的安全關鍵。
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that acts by inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle. During IV push, the rate of administration is critical. If pushed too rapidly (faster than 20-40 mg per minute), plasma drug levels spike sharply, directly affecting the metabolism of inner-ear hair cells and causing transient or permanent ototoxicity. The nurse must strictly adhere to administration-rate limits during injection; this is a pharmacokinetic safety principle.
在台灣與美國,Furosemide 的給藥原則一致。美國臨床實務中,護理師需特別注意 IV push 速度,建議計算好每分鐘推注量,並使用時鐘監控,這在 NCLEX 考試中屬於藥物安全(Medication Safety)的必考重點。