病人預計進行需打顯影劑的診斷檢查。術前護理師的首要行動為何？
A client is scheduled for a diagnostic test requiring contrast dye. What is the nurse's priority action before the procedure?
- ACheck the client's blood pressure檢查病人的血壓
- BAdminister a laxative給予瀉劑
- CHave the client sign the consent form讓病人簽署同意書
- DAssess for allergies to iodine or shellfish✓ 正解評估是否對碘或貝殼類海鮮過敏
在進行含有顯影劑的診斷檢查前，護理師的首要任務是確保病人的安全性。顯影劑（尤其是含碘顯影劑）可能引起嚴重的過敏反應，甚至導致過敏性休克（Anaphylactic shock）。根據安全護理原則，我們必須在進行任何侵入性或藥物介入前，優先評估過敏史。若病人對碘或海鮮過敏，必須在檢查前與放射科醫師討論，採取預防性投藥（如給予類固醇或抗組織胺）或選擇替代檢查方式。其他選項雖為術前準備的一環，但皆需建立在病人安全的前提下執行。
Before any diagnostic examination using contrast media, the nurse's first task is to ensure patient safety. Contrast agents (especially iodinated ones) can provoke severe allergic reactions, even anaphylactic shock. Following safe nursing practice, allergy history must be assessed before any invasive or pharmacologic intervention. If the patient is allergic to iodine or shellfish, this must be discussed with the radiologist before the exam, and prophylactic medications (such as corticosteroids or antihistamines) or alternative imaging modalities may be considered. The other options are also part of preoperative preparation, but they must be performed within the framework of patient safety.