— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師協助行動不便的病人由床移位至輪椅，哪項行動最符合安全人體工學？
A nurse is assisting a client with limited mobility to transfer from the bed to a chair. Which action should the nurse take to ensure safe ergonomics?
- AKeep the client's weight close to the nurse's center of gravity✓ 正解將病人的重量保持在護理師的重心附近
- BLock the knees while lifting the client搬運病人時鎖住膝蓋
- CBend at the waist to maintain close contact with the client彎腰以保持與病人的緊密接觸
- DTwist the torso while pivoting the client to the chair在將病人轉移到椅子時扭轉軀幹
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
人體工學的核心在於維持重力中心並運用下肢力量。將病人重量貼近身體軀幹可減少脊椎壓力與力臂長度，避免背部受傷。腰部彎曲會導致背部肌肉受損，旋轉軀幹則易導致脊椎椎間盤突出風險，應使用雙腳轉動（pivot）而非扭轉。
The core of ergonomics is maintaining one's center of gravity and using the strength of the lower extremities. Keeping the client's weight close to the trunk reduces spinal pressure and the length of the lever arm and prevents back injury. Bending at the waist injures the back muscles, and twisting the torso risks intervertebral disc herniation; the feet should be used to pivot rather than the spine.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美均強調人體工學，但美國醫院常強制要求使用機械式移位機（Hoyer lift），台灣部分機構仍依賴人工移位。