— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
準備使用無菌區時，護理師應採取哪項行動？
Which action should the nurse take when preparing to use a sterile field?
- AWear sterile gloves before setting up the field在設置無菌區之前戴上無菌手套
- BEnsure the sterile field is on a low table確保無菌區設置在低矮的桌子上
- CCheck expiration dates on all sterile packages✓ 正解檢查所有無菌包裝的有效日期
- DTouch only the inside of the sterile wrapper只觸碰無菌包裝的內側
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
無菌技術（Sterile technique）旨在建立並維持無菌區，防止病原體進入易感部位。護理師在準備無菌區前，首要任務是確認所有物資的完整性與有效性。過期的包裝可能導致無菌屏障失效，而包裝破損或潮濕則提示無菌狀態已被破壞，這些皆會導致感染風險。臨床上應檢查包裝封口是否密封、有無破損、潮濕或變色，並確認滅菌指示標籤（Sterilization indicator）是否變色，確保無菌的完整性。
Before opening a sterile package, the nurse must verify the expiration date, integrity of the seal, dryness, and presence of an intact sterilization indicator. Expired, wet, torn, or improperly stored packages are considered contaminated and must be discarded. The sterile field should be set up at waist level on a clean dry surface; sterile gloves are donned after the field is established; the outside (not inside) of the wrapper is non-sterile.