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安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA

護理師照護一名對乳膠過敏的病人,需避免使用哪些物品?(選所有適合的)

A nurse is caring for a client with a latex allergy. Which items must be avoided? (Select all that apply.)

  • ALatex-free gloves
    無乳膠手套
  • BRubber-backed mats✓ 正解
    橡膠背襯地墊
  • CBlood pressure cuff tubing✓ 正解
    血壓計軟管
  • DElastic bandages with natural rubber✓ 正解
    含天然橡膠的彈性繃帶
  • EBananas or avocados due to cross-reactivity✓ 正解
    香蕉或酪梨,因存在交叉反應
Explanation · 中文詳解

乳膠過敏(Latex allergy)的處理核心在於嚴格避免接觸含有天然橡膠乳膠(Natural Rubber Latex, NRL)的製品。這類過敏反應可能從輕微的接觸性皮膚炎演變為致命的過敏性休克(Anaphylaxis)。此外,某些水果因與乳膠含有相似的抗原結構,會產生交叉反應(Cross-reactivity)。臨床上,這類病人應被安置在「乳膠安全環境(Latex-safe environment)」,所有接觸物品均需篩選。

The cornerstone of managing latex allergy is strict avoidance of products containing natural rubber latex (NRL). Such allergic reactions can progress from mild contact dermatitis to life-threatening anaphylaxis. In addition, certain fruits share similar antigenic structures with latex and may cause cross-reactivity. Clinically, these clients should be placed in a latex-safe environment, and all items they come into contact with must be screened.

✦ 台美臨床差異

在美國醫院,對於乳膠過敏病人,護理師需在病歷系統中進行「Latex Allergy」標記,並確保所有使用的醫材(包括靜脈輸注管路)皆標示為「Latex-free」。台灣臨床雖然也注重此點,但美國對醫材的「Latex-free」標籤化管理更為嚴格且自動化程度高。

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