護理師正在指導個案戒菸技巧。個案表示：「我一直在考慮戒菸，但我不確定我是否能應對壓力。」該個案正處於哪一個改變階段？
A nurse is teaching a client about smoking cessation techniques. The client states, 'I have been thinking about quitting, but I am not sure if I can handle the stress.' Which stage of change is this client experiencing?
- AAction行動期
- BContemplation✓ 正解沉思期
- CPrecontemplation無意圖期
- DPreparation準備期
根據跨理論模型 (Transtheoretical Model)，改變分為五個階段。個案提到「一直在考慮」，顯示他已意識到問題並在評估利弊，這正是「沉思期」(Contemplation) 的特徵。此階段的個案往往存在矛盾心理 (ambivalence)，如想戒菸但怕壓力。選項 C (無意圖期) 是根本不想改；選項 D (準備期) 是已打算在一個月內行動並開始尋找方法；選項 A (行動期) 是已經開始戒菸。護理師在此階段的介入重點是增強個案的動機，並討論克服障礙的方法，而非立即給予具體的戒菸計畫。
According to the Transtheoretical Model, behavior change is divided into five stages. The client's statement that they have 'been thinking about' quitting shows they recognize the problem and are weighing the pros and cons - characteristics of the contemplation stage. Clients in this stage often experience ambivalence, such as wanting to quit but fearing the stress. Option C (precontemplation) describes a client who has no intention of changing; option D (preparation) describes a client who plans to take action within a month and is starting to find a method; option A (action) describes a client who has already begun to quit. The focus of nursing intervention at this stage is to strengthen the client's motivation and discuss ways to overcome barriers, rather than immediately providing a concrete cessation plan.
美國護理教育高度強調動機式訪談 (Motivational Interviewing) 與此模型的結合；台灣臨床上則常由戒菸衛教專員主導，護理師在一般病房較少系統性地應用此心理模型評估個案。