護理師為長期照護機構的長者規劃健康促進活動。哪些介入措施是適當的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is planning health promotion activities for elderly residents in a long-term care facility. Which interventions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- AProviding balance and strength training exercises✓ 正解提供平衡與肌力訓練運動
- BConducting annual hearing and vision screenings✓ 正解進行年度聽力與視力篩檢
- CEncouraging social interactions through group activities✓ 正解鼓勵透過團體活動進行社交互動
- DAdministering pneumococcal vaccinations✓ 正解施打肺炎鏈球菌疫苗
- ELimiting water intake to prevent incontinence限制水分攝取以預防失禁
長期照護的健康促進應聚焦於功能維持與疾病預防。平衡與肌力訓練能預防跌倒；聽視力篩檢能維持溝通品質；團體活動減緩孤獨感與認知衰退；肺炎鏈球菌疫苗是高齡者的重要防護。E 錯誤：限制飲水反而會增加脫水與泌尿道感染風險，非健康促進手法。
Health promotion for elderly residents in long-term care should focus on maintaining function and preventing disease. Balance and strength training reduce fall risks, while hearing and vision screenings address sensory deficits that impact safety. Social engagement helps prevent depression and cognitive decline, and pneumococcal vaccination protects against severe respiratory infections. Limiting fluid intake is contraindicated as it increases the risk of dehydration and urinary tract infections.
美國護理之家極重視 Multi-disciplinary team (MDT) 會議，台灣則常受限於人力比，活動規劃多由照服員協作。