使用誘發性呼吸量計（Incentive Spirometer）時，哪項評估最關鍵？
Which assessment is most critical when using an incentive spirometer?
- ACount the respiratory rate計算呼吸頻率
- BEnsure the client is in a semi-Fowler's position✓ 正解確保個案處於半坐臥位
- CCheck if the client has a history of asthma檢查個案是否有氣喘病史
- DMonitor the client's skin color監測個案的皮膚顏色
誘發性呼吸量計（Incentive Spirometer, IS）主要用於預防術後肺塌陷（Atelectasis）。其運作原理是透過緩慢、深長的吸氣產生負壓，使肺泡充分擴張。為了達成最大肺擴張，病人的姿勢至關重要。半坐臥位（Semi-Fowler's）或坐位能讓重力輔助橫膈膜下降，減少腹部器官對胸腔的壓力，從而增加吸氣容積。如果姿勢不正確（如平躺），肺部基底部將無法有效擴張，使儀器失去預防併發症的效果。因此，確保正確姿勢是護理師執行此項衛教時最關鍵的評估點。
The incentive spirometer (IS) is mainly used to prevent post-operative atelectasis. It works by generating negative pressure through slow, deep inspiration, allowing alveoli to fully expand. To achieve maximum lung expansion, the client's position is critical. Semi-Fowler's or upright sitting position allows gravity to assist diaphragmatic descent, reducing the pressure of abdominal organs on the thoracic cavity and increasing inspiratory volume. If positioning is incorrect (such as supine), the lung bases will not expand effectively and the device will fail to prevent complications. Therefore, ensuring correct positioning is the most critical assessment when the nurse provides this teaching.
在美國，IS 是腹部或胸部手術後病人的標配（Routine），護理師需每小時督導病人執行 10 次；台灣臨床有時較依賴病人自發執行，護理師在姿勢校正上的介入頻率可能略低。