— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護一位感染艱難梭菌的病人，下列何種感染控制措施正確？
A nurse is caring for a client with Clostridioides difficile. Which infection control measure is appropriate?
- AWear an N95 respirator when entering the room進入病房時佩戴 N95 呼吸器
- BMaintain the client in a negative pressure room將病人安置於負壓病房
- CPerform hand hygiene using soap and water✓ 正解使用肥皂和水進行手部衛生
- DUse alcohol-based hand sanitizer after patient contact接觸病人後使用含酒精的免洗洗手液
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
艱難梭菌會產生孢子，酒精無法有效殺滅孢子，必須使用肥皂及流水機械式清洗手部。此類病患採取接觸隔離，不需要負壓隔離（空氣隔離用）或 N95 口罩（除非有飛沫噴濺風險）。接觸隔離重點在於手部衛生及個人防護設備的使用，確保孢子不會透過手部傳播。
Clostridioides difficile forms spores; alcohol cannot effectively kill the spores, so hands must be mechanically washed with soap and running water. These clients require contact precautions; a negative-pressure room (used for airborne precautions) and N95 respirator (unless there is a risk of splashes) are not required. The focus of contact precautions is on hand hygiene and use of personal protective equipment to ensure that spores are not transmitted via the hands.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對艱難梭菌的洗手規範皆採 CDC 標準，即必須使用肥皂洗手，嚴禁單獨依賴乾洗手液。