— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護高血鉀症病人,應監測心電圖出現哪些變化?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is caring for a client with hyperkalemia. Which ECG changes should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply.)
- ATall, peaked T waves✓ 正解高大、尖銳的 T 波
- BProlonged PR interval✓ 正解PR 間期延長
- CWidened QRS complex✓ 正解QRS 波群變寬
- DProminent U waves明顯的 U 波
- EShortened QT intervalQT 間期縮短
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血鉀會導致細胞膜去極化,影響心臟電氣傳導。心電圖典型變化包括 T 波尖聳(早期徵象)、PR 間期延長、QRS 波變寬,若未及時處理可演變為心室顫動或心跳停止。U 波出現多與低血鉀相關,而 QT 間期縮短通常與高血鈣有關。
Hyperkalemia causes depolarization of the cell membrane, affecting cardiac electrical conduction. Classic ECG changes include peaked T waves (an early sign), prolonged PR interval, and widened QRS complex; if not treated promptly, the rhythm can progress to ventricular fibrillation or cardiac arrest. Prominent U waves are more commonly associated with hypokalemia, while a shortened QT interval is typically associated with hypercalcemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美護理師皆需具備判讀高血鉀危險心電圖的能力,台灣加護病房常備有緊急鈣劑以穩定細胞膜。