護理師照護一位甲狀腺切除術後病人。哪些發現應立即回報外科醫師？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-op after a thyroidectomy. Which findings should the nurse report to the surgeon immediately? (Select all that apply.)
- AHoarseness when speaking說話時聲音沙啞
- BLaryngeal stridor✓ 正解喉頭喘鳴
- CIncision site hematoma✓ 正解切口部位血腫
- DPositive Chvostek's sign✓ 正解Chvostek 氏徵象陽性
- ESerum calcium 8.0 mg/dL血清鈣 8.0 mg/dL
甲狀腺切除術後三大風險：喉頭水腫或出血壓迫氣管（Stridor 和血腫為急症）、副甲狀腺損傷（低血鈣）。A（嘶啞）為術後常見恢復過程，若非急性加重通常先觀察。E（8.0 mg/dL）雖然稍低，但未達危險性低血鈣急症程度。
Three major risks after thyroidectomy are laryngeal edema or bleeding that compresses the trachea (stridor and hematoma are emergencies) and parathyroid injury (hypocalcemia). Option A (hoarseness) is part of the usual postoperative recovery process and can typically be observed unless it is acutely worsening. Option E (8.0 mg/dL) is slightly below normal but does not yet constitute critically low calcium requiring emergency treatment.
美國護理師對 airway 的緊急應變有更明確的 Protocol（如準備氣切包）；台灣護理師通常先聯絡醫師與麻醉科。