護理師照護一位手術前禁食（NPO）的病人。哪些任務可以委派給護理佐理員（UAP）？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is NPO for surgery. Which tasks can be delegated to the Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP)? (Select all that apply.)
- AProviding oral care for the client✓ 正解為病人提供口腔護理
- BChecking the client's blood glucose level檢查病人的血糖水平
- CAssisting the client with a bed bath✓ 正解協助病人進行床浴
- DMonitoring for signs of dehydration監測脫水跡象
- ERemoving the client's jewelry and dentures✓ 正解移除病人的飾品和活動假牙
護理佐理員（Unlicensed Assistive Personnel, UAP）的主要職責是執行由註冊護理師（Registered Nurse, RN）委派的、標準化且不需高度臨床判斷的照護任務。在病人手術前需禁食（NPO）的特殊情況下，護理師必須確保所有照護活動都符合 NPO 的要求。 正確答案 A、C、E 均為 UAP 可以執行的任務。提供口腔護理（A）有助於維持病人舒適，且不涉及進食。協助病人進行床邊沐浴（C）是基本的日常身體清潔。移除病人的飾品（如戒指、項鍊）和活動假牙（E）是手術前準備的一部分，屬於常規性任務，且不涉及進食或飲水。 選項 B（監測血糖）與 D（監測脫水跡象）則需要 RN 的專業判斷與評估能力。血糖監測（B）屬於檢驗操作，結果判讀與後續處理需由 RN 進行。監測脫水跡象（D）涉及評估皮膚彈性、黏膜濕潤度、尿量與意識狀態等，需要 RN 的臨床推理能力，UAP 僅能執行記錄，無法進行專業判斷與報告。
The primary role of Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP) is to perform standardized care tasks delegated by the Registered Nurse (RN) that do not require complex clinical judgment. In the specific situation of a client kept NPO before surgery, the nurse must ensure that all care activities are consistent with the NPO order. The correct answers A, C, and E are all tasks that can be performed by the UAP. Providing oral care (A) helps maintain client comfort without involving oral intake. Assisting the client with a bed bath (C) is basic daily hygiene. Removing the client's jewelry (such as rings and necklaces) and dentures (E) is part of preoperative preparation and is a routine task that does not involve oral intake. Options B (blood glucose monitoring) and D (monitoring for signs of dehydration) require the professional judgment and assessment skills of the RN. Blood glucose monitoring (B) is a diagnostic test whose interpretation and subsequent management must be performed by the RN. Monitoring for signs of dehydration (D) involves evaluating skin turgor, mucous membrane moisture, urine output, and level of consciousness, which requires the clinical reasoning of the RN; the UAP can only record findings and cannot make professional judgments or reports.