哪些措施有助於預防導尿管相關尿路感染（CAUTI）？（選所有適合的）
Which actions help prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI)? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep the drainage bag below the level of the bladder✓ 正解使引流袋低於膀胱水平
- BMaintain a closed urinary drainage system✓ 正解維持密閉式泌尿引流系統
- CIrrigate the catheter daily每日沖洗導尿管
- DUse sterile technique for insertion✓ 正解使用無菌技術進行置管
- EEmpty the bag every 4 hours每 4 小時排空引流袋
預防導尿管相關尿路感染（CAUTI）的核心原則是「維持系統的密閉性」。任何打開系統的動作（如沖洗、更換尿袋）都會增加細菌入侵的風險。此外，導尿管必須無菌插入，且尿袋位置必須低於膀胱，利用重力排尿，防止尿液逆流回膀胱。這些措施是醫院品質指標（Quality Indicators）中的重要項目，護理師必須嚴格執行。
The core principle for preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) is maintaining a closed drainage system. Any action that opens the system (such as irrigation or bag exchange) increases the risk of microbial entry. In addition, the catheter must be inserted with sterile technique, and the drainage bag must be kept below bladder level so gravity prevents urine reflux into the bladder. These measures are key quality indicators in hospitals and must be strictly enforced by the nurse.